What does the AFP test in maternal blood indicate?

The AFP test, or alpha-fetoprotein test, is a blood test performed during pregnancy that measures the level of alpha-fetoprotein in the mother's blood. Elevated levels of AFP can indicate a risk for certain fetal abnormalities, including neural tube defects such as spina bifida and conditions such as Down syndrome.

When understanding the significance of the AFP test, it's crucial to recognize that it is not used to assess diabetes, cholesterol levels, or hemoglobin levels. While some other tests may provide insights into these conditions, the AFP test is specifically associated with monitoring fetal health and development. Thus, indicating potential fetal abnormalities is the primary purpose of the AFP test, making it a vital tool in prenatal screening.